To investigate the effects of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers on dry matter accumulation and yield in rice，and to determine the optimal fertilization strategy for efficient dry matter accumulation and yield maximization under different application rates and split fertilization modes of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers，an experiment was conducted with six treatments:no fertilization (CK)；nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with split nitrogen application (T1)；one-time application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (T2:total nutrient content consistent with T1)；organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with split nitrogen application (T3:total nutrient content consistent with T1)；organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with split nitrogen application (T4:total nutrient content at 90% of T1)；and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with split nitrogen application (T5:total nutrient content at 80% of T1).The Richards model was used to fit the dry matter accumulation process throughout the entire growth period after rice transplanting，and the relationship between key characteristic parameters and yield formation was analyzed.The results showed that the Richards model effectively simulated the dynamic process of rice dry matter accumulation (NRMSE<10%) and was suitable for quantitatively analyzing the impact of fertilization on dry matter accumulation.One-time application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (T2) significantly increased pre-flowering dry matter accumulation (73.56% higher than CK)，while split nitrogen application was more conducive to post-flowering accumulation (T3 increased by 67.24%，compared to CK).The T3 treatment achieved the highest yield (12221.46 kg/hm²)，a 24.30% increase over the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (T1)，through the maximum dry matter accumulation rate [291.02 kg/(hm²·d) ] and post-flowering dry matter accumulation (4695.06 kg/hm²).T2 promoted dry matter accumulation in the early and middle stages [peak rate of 266.89 kg/(hm²·d)] but was unfavorable for post-flowering dry matter distribution.The T4 treatment，with a 10% reduction in fertilizer，yielded higher than both the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (T1) and the no-fertilization treatment (CK).Meanwhile，the T5 treatment，with a 20% reduction in fertilizer，effectively increased the contribution rate of post-flowering dry matter accumulation to grain yield (52.20%).Although its yield was lower than T1，it still exceeded CK by 38.20%.In conclusion，replacing nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and adopting split nitrogen application could achieve efficient dry matter accumulation and distribution for high yields.Combining organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with split nitrogen application while reducing fertilizer use by 10% (T4) could maintain yield without reduction，achieving the goal of reducing fertilizer input while enhancing efficiency.