As one of the three essential nutrients for plant growth and development，the application level of nitrogen significantly affected the dynamics of nitrogen uptake，accumulation and distribution in crops，which in turn regulated key physiological indexes such as leaf area index，dry matter accumulation and chlorophyll content，and ultimately exerted a decisive influence on the formation of crop quality and yield composition. In this study，the effects of climate，soil and agronomic measures on the production efficiency of sugar beet regulated by nitrogen fertilizer were systematically evaluated through Meta-analysis. Integrating data from 48 literatures from 2001—2025 were used to reveal the nonlinear response law of nitrogen application on yield，sugar content and sugar yield. The results showed that the yield increase effect of nitrogen fertilization was significant but environmentally dependent:nitrogen application increased sugar beet tuber yield by 22.8% on average，and the yield increase effect(27.4%)was significantly better in arid areas(annual rainfall <400 mm)than in wet areas(16.0%). Loamy soils and neutral soils(pH= 6.5-7.5)had the largest yield increases(37.0% -38.2%)，and high irrigation(>600 mm)and high planting density(>110000 plants/hm²)enhanced yield by 58.7% and 38.9%，respectively. Sugar yield showed a threshold response to nitrogen application，reducing sugar yield by 5.2% with nitrogen application，but nitrogen application >450 kg/hm² triggered the recovery of sugar yield. High planting density(>110000 plants/hm²)exacerbated the shading effect，and reduced sugar yield by 9.0%. Sugar yield was regulated by the dynamic balance between yield and sugar content. Nitrogen application increased sugar yield by 18.4% on average，under optimal conditions of acidic loamy soil，high irrigation(>600 mm)combined with split fertilizer(1-2 times)and medium to high nitrogen application(100-200 kg/hm²). At nitrogen application rates ≤200 kg/hm²，yield improvement compensated for the loss of sugar content；beyond this threshold，sugar yield was significantly reduced by sugar content constraints. The study proposed a regionalized nitrogen fertilization strategy:applying ≤200 kg/hm² nitrogen in the dry zone，reducing to 100-150 kg/hm² in the wet zone，and controlling nitrogen in the later stages of fertility to balance the risk of“high yield-low sugar content”. Therefore，this study provided a theoretical basis for precise nitrogen management in high-yield and high-quality cultivation of sugar beet.